The problem of spectral description of the nonlinear capillary FLEXIBLE HOLD HAIR SPRAY waves on the fluid surface is discussed.Usually, three-wave nonlinear interactions are considered as a major factor determined by the energy spectrum of these waves in the kinetic wave turbulent regime.We demonstrate that four-wave interactions should be taken i
Comprehensive analysis of the UDP-glucuronate decarboxylase (UXS) gene family in tobacco and functional characterization of NtUXS16 in Golgi apparatus in Arabidopsis
Abstract Background UDP-glucuronate KNIT BOTMPANTS decarboxylase (also named UXS) converts UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcA) to UDP-xylose (UDP-Xyl) by decarboxylation of the C6-carboxylic acid of glucuronic acid.UDP-Xyl is an important sugar donor that is required for the synthesis of plant cell wall polysaccharides.Results In this study, we first ca
Recent advances in nano-photonic techniques for pharmaceutical drug monitoring with emphasis on Raman spectroscopy
Innovations in Raman spectroscopic techniques provide a potential solution to current problems in pharmaceutical drug monitoring.This review aims to summarize the recent advances in the field.The developments of novel plasmonic nanoparticles continuously push the limits of Raman spectroscopic detection.In surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS),
Pilot Equivalence Study Comparing Different Batches of Topical 0.025% Capsaicin Emulsion: Product Microstructure, Release, and Permeation Evaluation
The European Medical Agency (EMA) has issued a draft guideline on the quality and equivalence of topical products.The equivalence for complex semisolid formulations involves several steps: the same quantitative content, the same microstructure, the same release, and permeation profile.In this paper, several batches of a low strength topical product